Evgeniy I. Gololobov Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associated Professor, Surgut State Pedagogical University, Surgut, Russia [email protected]
Maksim S. Mostovenko Surgut State Pedagogical University, Surgut, Russia [email protected]
Abstract. The article discusses the development of traditional branches of economy of the peoples of the North of Western Siberia in the conditions of active industrial development of the region. In a very short time on the territory of the region the West Siberian oil and gas complex (hereinafter WSOGC) was created, which by the early 1980s has become the leading base production of oil, gas condensate and natural gas of the Soviet Union. In this regard traditional spheres of the region economy – fishing and hunting – were in the shadow of economic development of «the West Siberian oil and gas Giant». This fact further influenced the research interest of historians, focusing on the study of various aspects of the formation and development of WSOGC. The development of fishing and hunting economy in the North of Western Siberia in 1960–1980-ies was contradictory, combining intensive and extensive features having negative consequences for the ecology of the region and culture of indigenous peoples of the North. Science-based programs, the necessary laws and mechanisms for the industrial development of the North and preservation of the natural environment to preserve the traditional lifestyle of indigenous peoples of the North have been never developed for the whole considered period. Such traditional branch of economy as fishing and hunting in spite of “importance” was in “shadow” part of state interest. State policy stimulate only large and collective farm because it was economical rational. Small farms in witch local people work were lossmaking.
Key words: modernization, traditional nature management, hunting, fish industry, the North of Western Siberia, industrial developing.