Ob-Ugric Institute of Applied Researches and Development, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation, [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Introduction: to date, the problems of lexical semantics in the Khanty language have not been investigated, such as the polysemy of a word, the semantic structure of a polysemantic word, and some other problems. The semantic aspect of a word, based on the material of the Khanty language, was considered fragmentally. The article examines the basic element of the lexical and semantic group of verbs of movement, a polysemantic verb mӑnty / mәnta in the Kazym and Surgut dialects of the Khanty language. For the Surgut dialect, the description of the polysemy of this verb has been proposed for
the first time. Several meanings have previously been proposed for the Kazym dialect, but a more complete description and systematization of the previously proposed meanings is required. Lexical and semantic parallels, oppositions, and semantic shifts in their meanings are described.
Objective: to identify the internal organization of the verb mӑnty / mәnta in the Khanty language, to clarify and systematize the previously proposed interpretations of the verb.
Research materials: sentences with the verb mӑnty / mәnta in the Kazym and Surgut dialects of the Khanty language, collected by the author from informants and extracted from texts, representing spoken language.
Results and novelty of the research: for the first time, the most complete list of meanings of the verb mӑnty / mәnta, which is the core of the entire lexical and semantic group of Khanty verbs of movement, has been identified. In the semantics of this verb, there is no indication of the environment in which movement takes place, and the method and nature of this movement. Only the general direction of movement relative to a speaker is conveyed (distancing or movement in the distance). The differential features of the semantics of the verbs under study are revealed; the relationships of these verbs and
the features of their compatibility, the primary and derived lexical and semantic variants of the meanings of these verbs, their aspectual variants are determined. The meanings of the verb are described and clarified; the semantic structure of a polysemantic verb is determined. Different verb meanings are derived from their lexical environment, their combinations with other words. Comparison of the semantic structures of the verbs of the two dialects allows us to conclude that the main meanings of the verb mӑnty / mәnta coincide. Some of the meanings of this verb in the Kazym dialect have specific
meanings. The results of the study may be in demand for use in teaching the Khanty language in educational institutions, for dictionaries update in different dialects, for writing scientific grammar of the Khanty language, as well as in comparing related and differently structured languages.
Key words: Khanty language, verb, semantics, polysemy, lexical and semantic group, verbs of movement
Acknowledgemnts: the author expresses the gratitude to the informants.
For citation: Solovar V. N. Semantic structure of the polysemantic verb mӑnty in the Khanty language // Vestnik ugrovedenia = Bulletin of Ugric Studies. 2025; 15 (1/60): 90-98.