The burials of the middle ages in the Krasny Yar ancient settlement
English
journal number:
Journal’s Subject Headings:
History, ethnography, archeology
About author:
Gordienko A.V. Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, Tyumenthe State Institute of Culture, Tyumen, Russia [email protected]
Prihodko I.N. Candidate of Philological Sciences,Associate Professor, Tyumen State Institute of the Culture Tyumen, Russia [email protected]
Abstract:During excavations of the Krasny Yar ancient settlement after fetch of the cultural layer three burials were discovered. There were the burial of a child in the center of the settlement and two burials of adults in some meters from him. The burial No1: a skull of an adult is buried in the center of the burial spot of the size of the standard burial for people (2,4×0,75 m). At the same time all funerary inventory was located at the Eastern part of the burial (up to the skull). There were no any finds in the Western part of the burial (behind the skull). Such items were discovered near the skull: arm or leg, a tooth of a horse, a knucklebone of small cattle (goat, sheep?), and fish spinal bone. Funerary inventory: a sharpening stone (a whetstone), a bone wedge. Also the stones with traces of processing of undefined functional purpose (2 pieces), a bone with traces of processing of undefined functional purpose, fragments of pottery, and bones were found, but all of them do not belong to the burial inventory and are the part of the burial fill (cultural layer). Most likely, the burial is a ritual. The burial No2: the burial of a child of 5–7 years with traces of trepanation of the skull. Funerary inventory: bone zoomorphic amulet on the chest (in the form of a horse’s a moose’s head), spherical bronze overlay on the chest, a bone scraper in the area of the waist, a tooth of a horse. Like in the Burial No 1 there were found the fragments of pottery, bones which do not belong to the burial inventory and are the part of the burial fill (cultural layer of the ancient settlement which was used in the backfilling of the burial). The burial No 3: a well-preserved skeleton of an adult without the right hand and left foot. There were found two iron arrowheads and a fragment of iron knife’s blade. All the burials were made according to the inhumation rite. It is worthy of attention that there is the absence of the usual placing of ceramic vessels with food in the burials.The small number of the funerary inventory is due to the present robbery of the monument (five robber holes were fixed only at the excavation site). The burials were discovered under the cultural layer of the ancient settlement; therefore, they were made after the discontinuation of its existence – in VIII–IX centuries. This dating is confirmed by funerary inventory that allows identifying that the burials belong to IX–X centuries and to the Batyr culture.
Key words: West Siberia, middle ages, ancient settlement, excavations, burial, Batyr culture.
Prihodko I.N. Candidate of Philological Sciences,Associate Professor, Tyumen State Institute of the Culture Tyumen, Russia [email protected]
Abstract:During excavations of the Krasny Yar ancient settlement after fetch of the cultural layer three burials were discovered. There were the burial of a child in the center of the settlement and two burials of adults in some meters from him. The burial No1: a skull of an adult is buried in the center of the burial spot of the size of the standard burial for people (2,4×0,75 m). At the same time all funerary inventory was located at the Eastern part of the burial (up to the skull). There were no any finds in the Western part of the burial (behind the skull). Such items were discovered near the skull: arm or leg, a tooth of a horse, a knucklebone of small cattle (goat, sheep?), and fish spinal bone. Funerary inventory: a sharpening stone (a whetstone), a bone wedge. Also the stones with traces of processing of undefined functional purpose (2 pieces), a bone with traces of processing of undefined functional purpose, fragments of pottery, and bones were found, but all of them do not belong to the burial inventory and are the part of the burial fill (cultural layer). Most likely, the burial is a ritual. The burial No2: the burial of a child of 5–7 years with traces of trepanation of the skull. Funerary inventory: bone zoomorphic amulet on the chest (in the form of a horse’s a moose’s head), spherical bronze overlay on the chest, a bone scraper in the area of the waist, a tooth of a horse. Like in the Burial No 1 there were found the fragments of pottery, bones which do not belong to the burial inventory and are the part of the burial fill (cultural layer of the ancient settlement which was used in the backfilling of the burial). The burial No 3: a well-preserved skeleton of an adult without the right hand and left foot. There were found two iron arrowheads and a fragment of iron knife’s blade. All the burials were made according to the inhumation rite. It is worthy of attention that there is the absence of the usual placing of ceramic vessels with food in the burials.The small number of the funerary inventory is due to the present robbery of the monument (five robber holes were fixed only at the excavation site). The burials were discovered under the cultural layer of the ancient settlement; therefore, they were made after the discontinuation of its existence – in VIII–IX centuries. This dating is confirmed by funerary inventory that allows identifying that the burials belong to IX–X centuries and to the Batyr culture.
Key words: West Siberia, middle ages, ancient settlement, excavations, burial, Batyr culture.
