Geologicheskoe III – the settlement of the Bronze Age (the materials of excavations I–III, V)
English
journal number:
Journal’s Subject Headings:
History, ethnography, archeology
About author:
The Institute of History and Archaeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Introduction: since the 1980s in the archaeological study of the North of the Western Siberia an imbalance between the number of excavations and the publication of the obtained materials was fixed. It was determined by duration of preparation of new sources for the publication and the need of comprehension. The conducted research partly overcomes this identified gap.
Objective: to publish Bronze the materials of the Bronze Age from the settlement Geologicheskoye III, one of the most fully studied the North of Western Siberia. It is situated in Sovetsky District of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. The rivers Malaya Sosva, Tavda and Konda are located in this part of the Northern Sosva Upland.
Research materials: are presented by the remnants of seven constructions of the Bronze Age, five of which are studied in this research work. Collection of ceramics of the Polymyat type, original molds, metal products, stone tools and animal bones are related to the dwellings. The article gives the characteristic of the found objects and findings; considers their analogs, allowing dating the researched complex.
Results and novelty of the research: stratigraphic situations and distribution of the findings indicate about gradual building of the bank from its edge to the remotest part. The topography of the site and the content of the artifacts allow interpreting the settlement as a seasonal hunting camp of the taiga hunters and fishers. In addition to the main occupations the inhabitants of the settlement mined and processed stone raw material from local gravel; knew the simple techniques of metal casting in open molds; molded ceramics on technology of potters of the Southern Urals. Despite the remoteness from the main rivers Irtysh and Ob, the local population supported the multi-stage exchange of communication with the neighbors and received copper and bronze tools from them. On the other hand, a household utensil reflects the local specifics of the late Polymyat settlements. This is due to the strong influence of the Northern populations which left the Sartynya Culture of the Lower Ob Region River and the Arctic sites of Vary-Khadyta type. There is a possibility that they penetrated into the sources of the Konda River overcoming the watersheds.
Key words: the North of Western Siberia, the Konda River, settlement, dwelling, Polymyat type of ceramics, stone tools, molds.
Acknowledgments: the author expresses gratitude to S. V. Kuzminykh, Candidate of Historical Sciences, the employee of the Institute of Archeology of the RAS, for the provided results of chemical analysis of metal and to A. Kosintsev, Candidate of Historical Sciences, the employee of the Institute of Ecology of plants and animals of the Ural Branch of the RAS, for identification of archaeozoological remains. The work was made under the Program of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences no. 18-6-6-15 «Archaeological sites as sources for reconstruction of development of the ancient societies of the Urals and the North of West Siberia»; the Head of the Program is A. F. Shorin, Doctor of Historical Sciences.
For citation: Koksharov S. F. Geologicheskoe III – the settlement of the Bronze Age (the materials of excavations I–III, V) // Vestnik ugrovedenia = Bulletin of Ugric Studies. 2018; 8(2): 338–355.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: since the 1980s in the archaeological study of the North of the Western Siberia an imbalance between the number of excavations and the publication of the obtained materials was fixed. It was determined by duration of preparation of new sources for the publication and the need of comprehension. The conducted research partly overcomes this identified gap.
Objective: to publish Bronze the materials of the Bronze Age from the settlement Geologicheskoye III, one of the most fully studied the North of Western Siberia. It is situated in Sovetsky District of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. The rivers Malaya Sosva, Tavda and Konda are located in this part of the Northern Sosva Upland.
Research materials: are presented by the remnants of seven constructions of the Bronze Age, five of which are studied in this research work. Collection of ceramics of the Polymyat type, original molds, metal products, stone tools and animal bones are related to the dwellings. The article gives the characteristic of the found objects and findings; considers their analogs, allowing dating the researched complex.
Results and novelty of the research: stratigraphic situations and distribution of the findings indicate about gradual building of the bank from its edge to the remotest part. The topography of the site and the content of the artifacts allow interpreting the settlement as a seasonal hunting camp of the taiga hunters and fishers. In addition to the main occupations the inhabitants of the settlement mined and processed stone raw material from local gravel; knew the simple techniques of metal casting in open molds; molded ceramics on technology of potters of the Southern Urals. Despite the remoteness from the main rivers Irtysh and Ob, the local population supported the multi-stage exchange of communication with the neighbors and received copper and bronze tools from them. On the other hand, a household utensil reflects the local specifics of the late Polymyat settlements. This is due to the strong influence of the Northern populations which left the Sartynya Culture of the Lower Ob Region River and the Arctic sites of Vary-Khadyta type. There is a possibility that they penetrated into the sources of the Konda River overcoming the watersheds.
Key words: the North of Western Siberia, the Konda River, settlement, dwelling, Polymyat type of ceramics, stone tools, molds.
Acknowledgments: the author expresses gratitude to S. V. Kuzminykh, Candidate of Historical Sciences, the employee of the Institute of Archeology of the RAS, for the provided results of chemical analysis of metal and to A. Kosintsev, Candidate of Historical Sciences, the employee of the Institute of Ecology of plants and animals of the Ural Branch of the RAS, for identification of archaeozoological remains. The work was made under the Program of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences no. 18-6-6-15 «Archaeological sites as sources for reconstruction of development of the ancient societies of the Urals and the North of West Siberia»; the Head of the Program is A. F. Shorin, Doctor of Historical Sciences.
For citation: Koksharov S. F. Geologicheskoe III – the settlement of the Bronze Age (the materials of excavations I–III, V) // Vestnik ugrovedenia = Bulletin of Ugric Studies. 2018; 8(2): 338–355.
