Structural-semantic characteristics of the Ob-Ugric verbs with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ ‘in two’
English
journal number:
Journal’s Subject Headings:
Philology
About author:
Ob-Ugric Institute of Applied Researches and Development, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation, [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Introduction: for the first time the article reviewes the semantics of Ob-Ugric verbs with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ ‘in two’ in combination with the verbs from different lexical-semantic groups: motion,
separation, movement, destruction etc., and change of their verbal valence. Until the present the full list of verbs connecting with the preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ was not revealed on the material of the Khanty and Mansi languages, and there is no the detailed description of their verbal valence’ s variation. The preverb modifies or changes the meaning of a verb depending on syntactic compatibility; at the same time, the syntactic compatibility can determine the grammatical form of a verb.
Objective: to identify the verbs with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ and to describe the variation of the verbs valence, their semantics and syntactic compatibility for further system description of preverbs; to study the regularity of transition of a verb from one semantic class to another; to compare with their functional accordance in different dialects of the Khanty and Mansi languages; to expand the visions about the grammatical system of the Ob-Ugric languages.
Research materials: the texts with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ of the Kazym, Shuryshkar, Ural dialects (Ust-Soba and Ust-Poluy subdialects), the Surgut dialect of the Khanty language and the Mansi language (Upper-Lozva and Middle Sosva dialects), collected by the author from consultants and partially extracted from dictionaries of the Khanty and Mansi languages.
Results and novelty of the research: the article analyzes 38 verbs of the Kazym dialect with preverb kӑtna extracted from the Khanty texts, dictionaries, and received from informants; 11 verbs with preverb kӑtna of the
Shuryshkar dialect; 23 verbs with preverb katәś of the Ust-Soba subdialect and 14 verbs of the Ust-Poluy subdialect of the Uralic dialect with preverb katnaś; 15 verbs of the Surgut dialect with preverb kitӽi; 50 verbs of the Northern dialect of the Mansi language with preverb kittīγ. For the first time the most comprehensive list of verbs of different lexical-semantic groups combined with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ was identified: the verbs of motion, movement, partition, separation, destruction, etc. Verbs of motion and movement lose the locative valence; part of verbs of separation does not change the valence. The semantics of the same verb in combination with a preverb and without it is different, the set of syntactic valences changes (the possibility of compatibility with different types of subjects and objects ‒ animate and inanimate). The results of the research can be used for compiling dictionaries, for semantic and lexicographic description of the Ob-Ugric languages, for comparison of related and different-structured languages, as well as for writing of
scientific grammar of the Khanty language.
Key words: preverb, valence, lexical-semantic group, verbs of destruction, verbs of partition, verbs of motion.
Acknowledgments: the author expresses gratitude to the anonymous reviewers, as well as to all informants who are fluent in the Khanty and Mansi languages and feel the subtleties of the meanings of words in their native
language.
For citation: Solovar V. N. Structural-semantic characteristics of the Ob-Ugric verbs with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ ‘in two’ // Vestnik ugrovedenia = Bulletin of Ugric Studies. 2020; 10 (2): 313–322.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: for the first time the article reviewes the semantics of Ob-Ugric verbs with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ ‘in two’ in combination with the verbs from different lexical-semantic groups: motion,
separation, movement, destruction etc., and change of their verbal valence. Until the present the full list of verbs connecting with the preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ was not revealed on the material of the Khanty and Mansi languages, and there is no the detailed description of their verbal valence’ s variation. The preverb modifies or changes the meaning of a verb depending on syntactic compatibility; at the same time, the syntactic compatibility can determine the grammatical form of a verb.
Objective: to identify the verbs with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ and to describe the variation of the verbs valence, their semantics and syntactic compatibility for further system description of preverbs; to study the regularity of transition of a verb from one semantic class to another; to compare with their functional accordance in different dialects of the Khanty and Mansi languages; to expand the visions about the grammatical system of the Ob-Ugric languages.
Research materials: the texts with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ of the Kazym, Shuryshkar, Ural dialects (Ust-Soba and Ust-Poluy subdialects), the Surgut dialect of the Khanty language and the Mansi language (Upper-Lozva and Middle Sosva dialects), collected by the author from consultants and partially extracted from dictionaries of the Khanty and Mansi languages.
Results and novelty of the research: the article analyzes 38 verbs of the Kazym dialect with preverb kӑtna extracted from the Khanty texts, dictionaries, and received from informants; 11 verbs with preverb kӑtna of the
Shuryshkar dialect; 23 verbs with preverb katәś of the Ust-Soba subdialect and 14 verbs of the Ust-Poluy subdialect of the Uralic dialect with preverb katnaś; 15 verbs of the Surgut dialect with preverb kitӽi; 50 verbs of the Northern dialect of the Mansi language with preverb kittīγ. For the first time the most comprehensive list of verbs of different lexical-semantic groups combined with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ was identified: the verbs of motion, movement, partition, separation, destruction, etc. Verbs of motion and movement lose the locative valence; part of verbs of separation does not change the valence. The semantics of the same verb in combination with a preverb and without it is different, the set of syntactic valences changes (the possibility of compatibility with different types of subjects and objects ‒ animate and inanimate). The results of the research can be used for compiling dictionaries, for semantic and lexicographic description of the Ob-Ugric languages, for comparison of related and different-structured languages, as well as for writing of
scientific grammar of the Khanty language.
Key words: preverb, valence, lexical-semantic group, verbs of destruction, verbs of partition, verbs of motion.
Acknowledgments: the author expresses gratitude to the anonymous reviewers, as well as to all informants who are fluent in the Khanty and Mansi languages and feel the subtleties of the meanings of words in their native
language.
For citation: Solovar V. N. Structural-semantic characteristics of the Ob-Ugric verbs with preverbs kӑtna / katәś / katnaś / kitӽi / kittīγ ‘in two’ // Vestnik ugrovedenia = Bulletin of Ugric Studies. 2020; 10 (2): 313–322.
